Archaeology: What's Hot Now: Songhai Empire

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Songhai Empire Dec 2nd 2011, 11:01 Definition: The Songhai Empire was established in western subsaharan Africa by Sonni 'Ali Ber in AD 1464. Up until that point, subSaharan Africa had been ruled by the Gao kingdom; both Gao and Songhai empires were ruled based in the ancient capitals of Timbuktu and Gao, both in what is now the country of Mali. The capital city of Songhai was established at Gao by Sonni Ali Ber (1464-1492). The final emperor of the Songhai, Askia Muhammad (or Muhammad Ture) ruled as the first ruler of the Askia dynasty beginning in 1492. His tomb is found at the Great Mosque of Gao. Sources Pekka Masonen. 1997. Trans-Saharan Trade and the West African Discovery of the Mediterranean. In M'hammad Sabour & Knut S. Vikør (eds), Ethnic Encounter and Culture Change. Papers from the Third Nordic Conference on Middle Eastern Studies, Bergen 1997: Nordic Research on the Middle East, vol. 3, pp. 116-142. Susan Keech McIntosh. 1996. West African Savanna Kingdoms. In Brian Fagan (ed), Oxford Companion to Archaeology. OUP: London. This glossary entry is part of the Dictionary of Archaeology. Any mistakes are the responsibility of Kris Hirst. Alternate Spellings: Songhay Examples: Timbuktu and Gao

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